Hip Dysplasia
Definition
It consists on a faulty development of the articulation of the hip ( coxofemoral articulation) that is presented with variable grades of laxity to articulate in a principle and later for femoral remodeling and acetabular (that compose this articulation) and degenerative illness of the same one. It is an multifactorial illness (there are many causes or factors that determine their appearance, for example: excess feeding too much exercise during the growth) but with a congenital origin.
Symptoms
A limp will exist in the later extremities that it can vary from small anomalies that we can see during the walk of the dog until a serious limp without support of the weight in the third later . In young dogs often we usually observed when he runs they do "rabbit jumps", characterized by a simultaneous advance of both back paws.
Pain will generally exist during the complete extension of the articulations.
Diagnostic
There are tests like the ortolani test to evaluate the laxity to articulate coxofemoral in the puppy, but the final diagnosis will be obtained by x-ray of the area, being able to observe from subluxación of the femoral head until serious degenerative illness. Several radiographic signs are evaluated to be able to establish the type and grade of hip displasia.
Treatment
We can divide the different treatment types in:
1 .Non surgical treatment
- · to Restrict the activity of the animal.
- · to Administer him anti-inflammatory non steroids medicine to control the pain
- or nuisances.
- · to Avoid overweight.
- · Use of alimentary supplements dedicated to "to nurture" the articulations.
2. surgical treatment (they exist several and their election will depend on several factors).
- Triple osteotomía of hip: indicated in young dogs (smaller than 10 months)nwith displasia characterized by an incomplete subluxación and without degenerative signs.
- Abscission of the head and femoral neck: indicated in dogs of all ages, mainly those under the 20 kg of weight and with degenerative articulate illness. It alleviates the pain to articulate. It is very important the postoperative physiotherapy.
- Prosthesis or complete substitution of the hip: in dogs with weight superior to the 20kg that they have finished the growth and they have a very serious displasia.
Prevention
It is recommended to avoid the reproduction of all the affected animals.
The an early diagnosis of the illness will allow us, to control its development
It is necessary to avoid the excess of food, the intense exercise and the uncontrolled administration of calcium in all the puppies that belong to predisposed races.
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